DYSENTRY >Major Public health problem in India.

Definition:Dysentery characterised by passage of blood, mucus and pus in loose stool accompanied by fever,crampy abdominal pain and tenesmus(false desire to pass stool).

Types:

  • Two types:

1.Bacillary or Bacterial ( shigellosis)


  • Acute infection in large intestine 
  • More common in children ( mostly age below 10 years)

2.Protozoal infection:( Entamoeba hystolica dysentery)

  • Caused by parasite  -Entamoeba hystolica

CLINICAL MANIFESTATION ( Sign & symptoms):

》Bowel upset
》Dehydration ( loss of water)
》Fever,abdominal pain with blood,mucus and pus
》Fluid electrolyte imbalance 
》Shock
》Coma
》Convulsions 

Diagnosis:

1.Routine stool examination shows:PUS & RBC are present in stool.
2. Stool culture confirm that infection Caused by either by BACTERIAL or PROTOZOAL. 
3.Blood examination: Leukocytes

Management(Remedies):

1.Specific antibody therapy: All antibiotics should be administered in combination for 5 to 7 days.
》Ampicilline 
》 Nalidixic acid
》 Ciprofloxacin 

2.Symptomatic: To releve symptoms :

 》IV FLUID : To maintain the water & salt balance in body. 
》Anti pyretics:( To reduce fever eg. Paracetamol)
》Anti- Spasmodic drug e.g Dicyclomine,Drotaverine 
》Anti emetic drug : to reduce vomiting eg. Odanstron
》ORS
3.Diet management:
》Mostly liquid items should be administered 
eg.Butter milk,rice water,Albumin water, Apple juice,Carrot juice

》Soft food: Boiled rice,eggs,vegetables 
                    
                              **********



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